Rubbing Fastness

CHINA, HEFEI (March 31, 2023)-The degree of color fading of colored materials after rubbing is referred to as color fastness to rubbing, which is separated into color fastness to dry rubbing and color fastness to wet rubbing. Color fastness to crocking is another term for it. The color fastness to rubbing test technique is one of the methods for assessing textile color fastness, and it is an essential assessment index for textile color fastness. https://fyitester.com/for-sale/color-fastness-rubbing-tester-y571j/
The color fastness to rubbing test is used to determine dye resistance to mechanical friction. To test the staining degree of the rubbing cloth, rub the textile sample with a dry rubbing cloth and a wet rubbing cloth.

How to test rubbing fastness (depend on ISO 105 x12)

Purpose
To assess the color fastness of textiles to rubbing and staining to other materials, and to express the quality of color fastness to rubbing of textiles through staining color difference ratings.

Preparation
1. The rubbing fastness tester may spin. The friction finger has a diameter of 25±0.1mm, can spin 405±3 degrees, and has a vertical pressure of 11.1±0.5N. The other friction finger has a diameter of 16 ± 0.1mm and the same vertical pressure.
2. Cotton fabric for friction: The cotton fabric contains no finishing agent after desizing and bleaching. Trim it into a 50mmX50mm±2mm square.
3. Waterproof sandpaper or a drip net with a 1mm stainless steel wire diameter and a 20mm mesh width.
NOTE: When using stainless steel wire or sandpaper, be in mind that it may leave scratches on the cloth, affecting the final grading. For evaluating fabrics, sandpaper is the ideal tool to use.
4. Gray scale: used for assessing staining, and should comply with ISO 105-A03.

Sampling
 If the textile being examined is cloth, the sample size should not be less than 25mmX25mm. If the test's accuracy is critical, another sample might be taken for testing.
 If the material to be tested is yarn, weave it into a fabric with a sample size of no less than 25mmX25mm. Instead, wind the yarn in parallel on a piece of cardboard the same size as the sample to create a layer.
 Place the sample and friction cloth in an environment with a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of 65±2% for at least 4 hours before the test. Place the sample and rubbing cloth on a flat net or a perforated shelf to condition. Certain fabrics, such as cotton or wool, take longer to condition.
 Preferably also the test is carried out under standard atmospheric conditions for textile testing (see ISO 139).

Operation steps
General
Tilt the rubbing fastness tester's upper half open to see the revolving rubbing fingers. Place the specimen on the tester's base plate adjacent to the vertical rod, with the rubbing area on the rubbing finger. Return the instrument's top portion to the working start position, with the rubbing cloth in contact with the specimen at the shaft's end. The vertical axis has a downward pressure of 11.1±0.5N. Make the sample's length direction correspond with the instrument's stroke direction. To limit specimen movement, place a net or waterproof sandpaper between the tester's base plate and the specimen. The produced samples were examined using both wet and dry methods.
When testing fabrics with many colors, the sampling spot should be carefully chosen to ensure that all colors are touched throughout the test. If the size of each color is large enough, many samples must be taken to analyze the color change separately. For testing tiny regions of color together, the equipment defined in ISO 105-X16 may be utilized as an alternative.

Dry rubbing
Install the conditioned friction cloth on the tester's friction head and turn the handle 20 times and the vertical axis 40 times. Rotate the handle once every second. Remove and condition the test section.

Wet rubbing
Weigh the conditioned rubbing cloth, then soak it in distilled water and weigh it again. The water content is assured to be 95% 100 percent. Rub according to the dry rubbing process.
The moisture content of the rubbing cloth has a significant impact on the outcome; nevertheless, alternative moisture contents can be employed. A typical moisture content, for example, is 65 ± 5%.

Drying
Air dry the test cloth.

Rating
1. Remove any additional loose fibers from the sample to avoid affecting the rating.
2. Place three layers of unrubbed white cotton fabric behind the tested rubbing cloth for rating.
3. In regular lighting, evaluate the staining of the cotton rubbing cloth using the staining gray scale (4.4).

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